Answer:
7.3 g (NH₄)₃PO₄
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the reaction is:
H₃PO₄ +  3 NH₃ ----> (NH₄)₃PO₄
To find the mass of ammonium phosphate ((NH₄)₃PO₄) produced, you need to (1) convert grams NH₃ to moles NH₃ (via the molar mass from the periodic table), then (2) convert moles NH₃ to moles (NH₄)₃PO₄ (via mole-to-mole ratio from balanced equation), and then (3) convert moles (NH₄)₃PO₄ to grams (NH₄)₃PO₄ (via molar mass from periodic table). Make sure to arrange the ratios/conversions in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 2 sig figs because the given value (2.5 grams) has 2 sig figs.
Molar Mass (NH₃): 14.01 g/mol + 3(1.008 g/mol)
Molar Mass (NH₃): 17.034 g/mol
Molar Mass ((NH₄)₃PO₄):
3(14.01 g/mol) + 12(1.008 g/mol) + 30.97 g/mol + 4(16.00 g/mol)
Molar Mass ((NH₄)₃PO₄): 149.096 g/mol
2.5 g NH₃      1 mole NH₃     1 mole (NH₄)₃PO₄       149.096 g
---------------  x  --------------------  x  ---------------------------  x  --------------------------
              17.034 g       3 moles NH₃        1 mole (NH₄)₃PO₄
=  7.3 g (NH₄)₃PO₄
